Opel Insignia: Description and Operation

OnStar Description and Operation (UE1 with IOB/IO6)

This OnStar system consists of the following components:

• Telematics communication interface control module
• OnStar three button assembly
• Microphone
• Cellular antenna
• Navigation antenna
• Bluetooth antenna (If equipped)
• Back up battery (If equipped)
• WiFi Hotspot (If equipped)
• TTY (Teletypewriter)

This system also interfaces with the factory installed vehicle audio system.

B24 - B24 Cellular Phone Microphone
C3 - C3 Telematics Communication Interface Control Module Battery
S51 - S51 Telematics Button Assembly
T4G - T4G Cellular Phone, Navigation, and Digital Radio Antenna
T4S - T4S Wireless Communication Antenna - Bluetooth
K73 - K73 Telematics Communication Interface Control Module
A11 - A11 Radio
X84 - X84 Data Link Connector

Telematics Communication Interface Control Module

The OnStar Generation 10 system uses Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) to communicate data and voice signals over the national cellular network. The module may also have the ability to act as a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Wi-Fi hotspot similar to a home wireless router. The module houses an internal WLAN antenna enabling hotspot connectivity and streaming high speed media to the entertainment system. The module also may enable Teletypewriter (TTY) and be capable of Bluetooth communication utilizing an internal antenna. The module is capable of up to 4G LTE speeds and houses 2 technology systems, one to process Global Positioning System (GPS) data, and another for cellular information. The module sends and receives all cellular communications over two cellular antennas and cellular antenna coax cables.

The OnStar Gen 10 system has two antenna inputs, a primary cellular signal and a combined GPS/secondary cellular signal. The OnStar system uses the Unitied States Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to provide location on demand. GPS is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

The module also has the capability of activating certain features such as, the horn, remote starting, initiating door lock/unlock, or activating the exterior lamps using the serial data circuits. These functions can be commanded by the OnStar Call Center per a customer request or mobile device app depending on vehicle and customer subscription.

Dedicated circuits are used to connect the telematics communication interface control module to a microphone, the button assembly, radio, and if equipped the Back Up Battery (BUB). The telematics communication interface control module communicates with the rest of the vehicle over the serial data bus.

Power is provided by a dedicated, fused B+ circuit. Ground is provided through the vehicle wiring harness attached to the module. The power mode state is determined by the telematics communication interface control module through serial data messaging.

OnStar Three Button Assembly

• The OnStar button assembly may be part of the rearview mirror, or a separate, stand alone unit. The button assembly is comprised of 3 buttons or 3 capacitive touch buttons and status LED's or an error indicator. The buttons are defined as follows:
  • The answer/end button, which is black with a white phone icon or a white driver figure seated with voice signals near its face, allows the user to answer and end calls or initiate speech recognition.
  • The blue OnStar call center button, which displays the OnStar logo, allows the user to connect to the OnStar call center.
  • The emergency button, which displays white letters "SOS" with red background, sends a high priority emergency call to the OnStar call center when pressed.

If the LED does not illuminate, this may indicate that the customers OnStar subscription is not active or has expired. Push the blue OnStar button to connect to an advisor who can then verify the account status.

The telematics communication interface control module supplies 10 volts to the OnStar button assembly on the keypad supply voltage circuit. When pressed, each button completes a circuit across a resistor allowing a specific voltage to be returned to the telematics communication interface control module on the keypad signal circuit. Depending upon the voltage range returned the telematics communication interface control module is able to identify which button has been pressed.

The OnStar status LED or error indicator is located near the buttons. The LED is green when the system is ON and operating normally. When any indicator is illuminated and flashing, it is an indication that a call is in progress. When the LED is red, this indicates a system malfunction is present. In the event there is a system malfunction and the OnStar system is still able to make a call, the LED will flash red during the call.

Each LED or error indicator is controlled by either the telematics communication interface control module over dedicated LED signal circuits or by low speed GM LAN serial data depending on the inside rearview mirror option. Ground for the LED is provided by the wiring harness attached to the button assembly.

Secondary OnStar Controls

Some vehicles may have an additional button that when pushed can engage the OnStar system. The button may be a symbol of a face with sound waves, or may say MUTE, or be a symbol of a radio speaker with a slash through it.

By engaging the OnStar system with this feature, the user can interact with the system by use of voice commands. A complete list of these commands is supplied in the information provided to the customer. If the information is not available for reference, at any command prompt the user can say "HELP" and the telematics communication interface control module will return an audible list of available commands.

OnStar Microphone

The cellular microphone can be part of the rearview mirror assembly, or a stand-alone unit in the headliner or roof console. In either case, the telematics communication interface control module supplies approximately 10V to the microphone on the cellular microphone signal circuit. The microphone modifies the 10V depending on the volume and voice being detected. A cellular microphone low reference circuit or a drain wire provides a ground for the microphone. The microphone signal circuits pass through the telematics communication interface control module to support entertainment voice recognition.

Cellular and GPS Antennas

The combination antenna will have any of the following antenna elements when equipped with OnStar:

• Primary cellular element
• Secondary cellular element
• GPS element
• Digital radio element
• AM/FM element

The Gen 10 OnStar system uses 2 cellular antenna elements to send and receive cellular data, the primary cellular element and the secondary cellular element. The primary cellular signal is carried by a coax cable that connects the antenna directly to the telematics communication interface control module.

Details of the secondary cellular signal are further described below.

The GPS antenna element is used to collect the signals of the orbiting GPS satellites. Within the antenna is housed a low noise amplifier that allows for a more broad and precise reception of this data. Also housed within the antenna is circuitry to combine the GPS signal and the secondary cellular signal.

Without navigation, the combination GPS/secondary cellular signal is carried by a coax cable that connects directly to the telematics communication interface control module. The cable also provides a path for DC current for powering the antenna. With navigation, the combination GPS/secondary cellular signal is carried by a coax cable that connects to the navigation signal splitter. The splitter supplies the GPS signal to the navigation/entertainment system and the GPS/cellular signal to the telematics communication interface control module.

The digital radio element collects digital radio signals from two satellites and where necessary terrestrial repeaters. The digital radio signal is carried by a coax cable and connected to the digital radio receiver.

Refer to Radio/Audio System Description and Operation for further details.

The radio signal is sent from a broadcast station and is then received by the AM/FM radio antenna element. The AM/FM radio signal is carried by a coax cable and is connected to the radio. Refer to Radio/Audio System Description and Operation for further details.

OnStar RemoteLink

OnStar RemoteLink is a mobile app to link mobile devices to a vehicle for limited diagnostics and feature controls. After downloading the app and registering the device, vehicle owners with an eligible vehicle can use their mobile devices to access real-time data from their vehicle and perform specific commands remotely.

All communication between the app and the vehicle is powered by OnStar's advanced connected vehicle technology. An active OnStar account as well as a valid OnStar username and password are required to use the app. The remote commands must be enabled by logging into the user's OnStar account prior to using the app. Refer to the owners manual for available vehicle data and control features.

Compass Heading

The telematics communication interface module has a compass feature to calculate vehicle direction which is displayed via the instrument panel cluster or designated display. The compass heading is determined by dead reckoning until the GPS 3d fix is established. The dead reckoning is accomplished by using the yaw rate sensors and wheel ticks to determine heading changes from a GPS known heading.

The GPS 3d fix heading is determined by the deferential of two locations. If "CAL" is displayed on the Instrument Panel Cluster or designated display refer to the owners manual for steps to calibrate the compass.

Bluetooth (If Equipped)

Bluetooth wireless technology is a short-range communications technology intended to replace the cables connecting portable and/or fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security. Only vehicles with steering wheel controls will have Bluetooth functionality. In order to utilize the vehicle's Bluetooth system, a Bluetooth equipped cellular phone is required.

The Bluetooth antenna is internal to the telematics communication interface control module, radio or human machine interface module and is used to send and receive signals from a Bluetooth enabled cellular phone. The available features and functions are determined by the software within the device being used and the telematics communication interface control module. The operating range of the signal from the vehicle is approximately 30 feet. Note that the operating range is dependent upon the cellular phone being used and battery level of the phone.

With Bluetooth technology customers can experience hands-free calling as their Bluetooth capable cellular phones are wirelessly connected to the vehicle. It will allow customers to place and receive calls using the steering wheel controls and voice recognition. The vehicle audio system will allow you to listen to your call through the vehicle speakers and adjust volume through steering wheel or radio controls.

Not all Bluetooth cellular phones are guaranteed to work with the vehicle's Bluetooth system.

Based on the cellular phone's service provider and the manufacturer's implementation of BluetoothÂ, not all phones support all available Bluetooth functionality. Bluetooth enabled cellular phones will be tested for vehicle compatibility and a feature compatibility list will be provided via the GM Bluetooth website: http://www.gm.com/vc/bluetooth/

Bluetooth Features Supported

The following is a list of features supported by the Bluetooth system. Note that not all devices will support all of the listed functions.

• Automatic reconnection - highest priority phone will automatically be connected to vehicle when vehicle ignition is on
• Hands-free dialing- via digits, redial, name tags (phone number saved to a nametag via voice recognition)
• Answering a call
• Ending a call
• Mute a Call
• Rejecting a call - ignore an incoming call
• Call Waiting
• Three-way Calling - initiated from hands-free system
• Send Number During a Call - this is used when calling a menu-driven phone system
• Transfer a Call - transfer call from vehicle to cellular phone and visa versa
• Voice Pass-Thru - allow access to the voice recognition commands on the cellular phone

Pairing a Bluetooth Cellular Phone to the Vehicle

In order to use hands-free calling, the cellular phone must be paired to the vehicle. Up to five devices can be paired to the vehicle at one time, but only one can be connected at any given time. To pair a phone, the customer must know how to operate the Bluetooth functionality of their phone. The pairing process must only be done one time for each phone, unless that phone's information is deleted.

The system will always generate a password and will provide that password if the device you are pairing does not support Secure Simple Pairing (SSP). If the device being paired does support SSP the system will not provide the password and automatically pair the device. For safety reasons, the pairing process is disabled while the vehicle is moving.

Once the Bluetooth cellular phone has been paired with vehicle, it will automatically connect to the vehicle when the ignition is on and the device is on. When more than one paired phone is in the vehicle, the phone with the highest priority will be connected. If the cellular phone is in use while getting into the vehicle, the phone can be switched to hands-free mode with the press of a button. In addition, a call in progress can be transferred from the vehicle hands-free mode to the phone to continue the call as the customer exits the vehicle.

Complete pairing instructions are provided in the Vehicle Owners Manual.

Back-up Battery (If Equipped)

NOTE: Do not disconnect the main vehicle battery or remove the OnStar fuse with the ignition key in any position other than OFF. Disconnecting power to the OnStar module in any way while the ignition is ON or with retained accessory power activated may cause activation of the OnStar Back-Up Battery. This action is per design as the back-up battery is designed to provide power to the telematics communication interface control module so an emergency notification call can be made after an event where the main battery is disabled. Once the Back-Up Battery is activated it will stay on until the power is restored back to the telematics communication interface control module. The telematics communication interface control module naturally chooses the main supply voltage as it's default supply, but if the main supply is removed or lost for any reason the OnStar module will use the Back-Up Battery as a power supply as long as the default supply can not be detected. The back-up battery is not rechargeable and once discharged below 9.5 volts the back-up battery must be replaced.

Certain OnStar equipped vehicles may also be equipped with a back-up battery. The back-up battery is a non-rechargeable, lithium battery intended to provide an auxiliary power source for the telematics communication interface control module in the event where power from the main vehicle battery is lost.

The back-up battery is intended to have a limited life span of approximately 4 years and is designed to maintain an open circuit voltage between 16 V and 9 V throughout this period. This allows the battery to power the basic functions of the telematics communication interface control module for least one 200 second (5 minute) call at the end of the 4 year span, should the main vehicle battery be lost. In the case of a vehicle losing vehicle battery power, OnStar will switch over to the backup battery based on an internal algorithm. It will look for an air-bag deploy, or near-deploy, messages from the SDM. If there are no messages the OnStar module will stay wake for a few minutes longer and monitor the buttons in the mirror. If not pressed, the modules will power down and shut off completely.

The back-up battery is connected to the telematics communication interface control module through the back-up battery positive voltage circuit and back-up battery ground circuit and is protected from a short circuit by means of an internal fuse. In the event the back-up battery, battery positive voltage circuit is shorted to the back-up battery ground circuit or chassis ground, the fuse will open and render the backup battery permanently inoperable. The status of the back-up battery and its associated wiring is monitored by the telematics communication interface control module.

WiFi Hotspot

The telematics communication interface control module acts as a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) WiFi hotspot router and uses direct 4G LTE connectivity to the internet. It has the ability to connect up to 7 devices at one time. A data plan is required and when purchased, a security default password is established. There are several ways to change the SSID or password, by placing a call to the OnStar Call Center, by using the Gen 10 mobile app or through the scan tool.

The system utilizes a secure autoconnect feature between the telematics communication interface control module and the radio/HMI. No user interaction is required, it is always available and ready to connect to a dedicated in car device. The ignition must be in Run, Accessory or RAP for WiFi to operate. The WiFi Hotspot feature is only available with factory option RPO VV4.

Audio System Interface

When the OnStar requires audio output, a serial data message is sent to the audio system to mute all radio functions and transmit OnStar originated audio. The OnStar audio is transmitted to the vehicle audio system by a dedicated signal circuit and a low reference circuit.

The audio system will mute and an audible ring will be heard though the speakers if the vehicle receives a call with the radio ON.

On some vehicles, the HVAC blower speed may be reduced when the OnStar system is active to aid in reducing interior noise. When the system is no longer active, the blower speed will return to its previous setting.

OnStar Sleep Cycle

The OnStar system uses a unique sleep cycle to allow the system to receive cellular calls while the ignition is in the OFF position and retained accessory power mode has ended. This cycle enables the telematics communication interface control module to perform remote functions, such as door unlock, as commanded over the air by the OnStar Call Center, and to continue to maintain an acceptable level of battery electrical drain.

The OnStar system uses 4 states of readiness, depending upon the type of cellular market the vehicle is in when the ignition is put into the OFF state:

• High power
• Low power
• Sleep
• Digital standby

The high power state is in effect whenever the ignition is in the ON or RUN position, or retained accessory power is enabled, and the OnStar system is sending or receiving calls or when the system is performing a remote function.

The low power state is in effect when the OnStar system is idle with the ignition in the ON or RUN position, or with retained accessory power enabled.

The sleep state is entered after the vehicle has been shut off and the retained accessory power has timed out while in an analog cellular area. At a predetermined time recorded within the telematics communication interface control module, the system re-enters the low power state to listen for a call from the OnStar Call Center for 1 minute. After this interval, the system will again return to the sleep state for 9 minutes. If a call is sent during the 1 minute interval, the OnStar system will receive the call and immediately go into the high power mode to perform any requested functions. If no call is received during the 1 minute interval, the system will go back into the sleep mode for another 9 minutes.

This process will continue for up to 48 hours, after which the OnStar system will turn off until the ignition is turned to the ON or RUN position.

The digital standby power state is entered after the vehicle has been shut off and the retained accessory power has timed out while in a digital cellular area. When in digital standby mode, the OnStar module is able to perform all remote functions as commanded by an OnStar advisor at any time, for a continuous 120 hours. After 120 hours, the OnStar module will go into sleep mode until a wake up signal from the vehicle is seen by the telematics communication interface control module. If the OnStar module loses the digital cellular signal it will revert to analog mode and follow the standard sleep state (9 minutes OFF, 1 minute standby) based on the time of the GPS signals, this will continue until a digital cellular signal is again received.

If the OnStar system loses battery power while the system is in a standby or sleep mode, the system will remain OFF until battery power is restored and the ignition is turned to the ON or RUN position.

Features

OnStar Personal Calling

The hands free, OnStar personal calling cellular phone feature is an additional feature of the OnStar system. This feature is embedded within the telematics communication interface control module; however it must be activated by an OnStar advisor. OnStar personal calling operates similar to most hand held cellular phones in that the availability for its usage is based on minutes or units. The customer must have a current OnStar subscription, as this feature cannot be utilized without it. To use OnStar personal calling, the customer must also purchase units (minutes) as outlined in the owners guide provided with the OnStar system. Units begin to deplete, 1 unit is equal to 1 minute, as the customer makes outbound phone calls, answers inbound phone calls, or while connected to the OnStar virtual advisor. In addition, units may also have an expiration date, depending upon the type of units purchased.

Customers have the ability to store telephone numbers within the module, referenced by a nametag for the convenience of frequently dialed numbers. After storing a nametag, the user can dial this number by initiating the OnStar personal calling feature, speaking the word "call," and repeating the nametag assigned.

Turn by Turn Navigation

Turn by Turn Navigation allows the driver to contact OnStar to obtain directions for driving from a current location to a desired location. The Turn by Turn Navigation system stores your planned route and continually checks your position along that route, when you deviate from the planned route, the system will recognize this and prompt the driver with verbal prompts for how to proceed. The driver then responds verbally to direct the system to continue the current routing or to recalculate the route because of a missed turn.

Advisor Record Feature

The Advisor Record Feature allows the user to store any information given during a call with an OnStar Advisor. Recording is activated by pressing the blue OnStar button during a call; pressing the button a second time stops the recording. The stored information can be played back by pressing the phone button on the three button assembly and using the voice command "Advisor Playback".

Teletypewriter (TTY) Users

OnStar has the ability to communicate to deaf, hard-of-hearing, or speech-impaired customers while in the vehicle. The available dealer-installed TTY system can provide in-vehicle access to all of the OnStar services, except Virtual Advisor and OnStar Turn-by-Turn Navigation.

Deactivated OnStar Accounts

In the event a customer has not renewed their OnStar account after expiration or the account was never activated, OnStar will make a discrete cellular call to the vehicle to deactivate the OnStar system. Before taking this action, customers are notified that the OnStar system in their vehicle will be deactivated unless they elect to renew the account. After the OnStar account has been deactivated, customers will experience the following:

• The OnStar status LED will not illuminate.
• The OnStar system will NOT attempt to connect to the OnStar Call Center in the event of a collision or if the vehicle's front air bags deploy for any other reason.
• An emergency button press will play a demo message indicating the service has been deactivated.
• An OnStar Call Center button press will connect the customer with a dedicated sales team who can sell an OnStar subscription and reactivate the vehicle. Depending on the type of OnStar hardware in the vehicle, the customer may first hear a demonstration message stating there is no current OnStar subscription for the vehicle, and directing the customer what to do to activate services.
• OnStar personal calling will not be available, as this feature requires the customer to have a current OnStar account. Attempts to use this feature may result in cellular connection failure messages and the inability to connect to the number dialed.

Certain vehicles that have never had an active OnStar account, or that have been deactivated, may be unable to establish a connection with the OnStar Call Center. When normal published diagnostic procedures do not indicate a possible cause for the no connect concern, the vehicle may have been deactivated. For deactivated vehicles, a no connect response should be considered normal operation.

Further diagnosis and subsequent repair is only necessary should the customer elect to become an active OnStar subscriber or renew the account subscription.

OnStar Cellular, GPS, and Diagnostic Limitations

The proper operation of the OnStar System is dependent on several elements outside the components integrated into the vehicle. These include the National Cellular Network Infrastructure, the cellular telephone carriers within the network, and the GPS.

The cellular operation of the OnStar system may be inhibited by factors such as the users range from an analog or digital cellular tower, the state of the cellular carrier's equipment, and the location where the call is placed. Making an OnStar key press in areas that lack sufficient cellular coverage or have a temporary equipment failure will result in either the inability of a call to complete with a data transfer or the complete inability to connect to the OnStar Call Center. The OnStar system may also experience connection issues if the identification numbers for the module, station identification number, electronic serial number or manufacturers electronic ID, are not recognized by the cellular carriers local signal receiving towers.

The satellites that orbit earth providing the OnStar system with GPS data have almost no failures associated with them. In the event of a no GPS concern, the failure will likely lie with the inability of the system to gain GPS signals because of its location, i.e. in a parking structure, hardware failure, or being mistaken with an OnStar call which has reached the Call Center without vehicle data.

During diagnostic testing of the OnStar system, the technician should ensure the vehicle is located in an area that has a clear unobstructed view of the open sky, and preferably, an area where analog or digital cellular calls have been successfully placed. These areas can be found by successfully making an OnStar keypress in a known good OnStar equipped vehicle and confirming success with the OnStar Call Center advisor. Such places can be used as a permanent reference for future OnStar testing.

Mobile Identification Number and Mobile Directory Number

The telematics communication interface control module utilizes 2 numbers for cellular device identification, call routing and connection, a mobile identification number and a mobile directory number. The mobile identification number represents the number used by the cellular carrier for call routing purposes while the mobile directory number represents the number dialed to reach the cellular device.

Operation of the OnStar Speech Recognition Systems

OnStar users communicate with 2 speech recognition systems. Speech recognition allows the user to speak to one computer in the vehicle, and one reached over a phone line. The computer tries to understand the users command, and responds by speaking back, or by taking the appropriate action, e.g.

dialing the phone.

• Personal Calling uses a speech recognition system that resides in the vehicle. When the user presses the phone button, the system states, Ready, and listens for the user's command. The user can speak commands to control the hands-free phone.
• Virtual advisor is a remote speech recognition system that the caller can access by making a phone call. The user connects to virtual advisor by requesting it during personal calling use. The user is then transferred to the virtual advisor server and talks to it via a cellular connection.

The OnStar speech recognition systems use speech technology that is designed to understand a wide range of American English speakers. Although there is no one right way to speak English, the system will work best when users try to modify their pronunciation should they encounter difficulty. Users who do not obtain good results are advised to try the tips and workarounds found in the Infotainment System Manual or the Owners Manual.

OnStar Description and Operation (UI3)

The Emergency Road Assistance Global Navigation Satellite System (ERA GLONASS) consists of the following components:

• Telematics communication interface control module
• Telematics two button assembly
• Microphone
• Cellular antenna
• GPS antenna
• Back up battery
• Backup speaker

This system also interfaces with the factory installed vehicle audio system.

Telematics Communication Interface Control Module

The ERA Glonass system uses Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) to communicate data and voice signals over the national cellular network. The module is capable of up to 3G speeds and houses 2 technology systems, one to process Global Positioning System (GPS/Glonass) data, and another for cellular information.

The telematics communication interface control module has two antenna inputs, a cellular signal and a GPS/Glonass signal. The ERA Glonass system uses the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), which is a combination of Unitied States Global Positioning System (GPS) signals and Russian Glonass satellite system. GPS/Glonass signals are used to provide location on demand.

Dedicated circuits are used to connect the telematics communication interface control module to a microphone, button assembly, radio, backup speaker and Back Up Battery (BUB). The telematics communication interface control module communicates with the rest of the vehicle over the single wired low speed CAN bus. Power is provided by a dedicated, fused B+ circuit. Ground is provided through the vehicle wiring harness attached to the module. The power mode state is determined by the telematics communication interface control module through serial data messaging. The telematics communication interface control module will power down 3 seconds after the button assembly LED shuts off.

ERA Glonass Two Button Assembly

The two button assembly may be part of the rear view mirror, or a separate, stand alone unit. The button assembly is comprised of 2 buttons and one status LED. The buttons are defined as follows:

• The "SOS" button, when pressed allows the user to start a manual emergency call.
• The TEST button, which has two functions. First it allows the user to cancel an emergency call before the call has been established with the call center. Second, if pressed longer than 4 seconds allows the user to enter the system test mode.

When pressed, each button completes a circuit across a resistor allowing a specific voltage to be returned to the telematics communication interface control module on the keypad signal circuit.

Depending on the voltage range returned the module is able to identify which button has been pressed.

The status LED is located near the buttons on the button assembly. The LED is green when the system is ON and operating normally. When the LED is red, this indicates a system malfunction is present. When the LED is illuminated and flashing, it is an indication that a call is in progress. In the event there is a malfunction and the system is still able to make a call, the LED will flash red during the call however, the call functionally might be limited related to the issue that is present. During night mode the module provides a PWM signal to dim the brightness of the LED.

When the "SOS" button is pressed the LED will start blinking green and a voice prompt will instruct the customer to either press the "SOS" button again to continue with the emergency call, or press the "TEST" button to cancel. If the user does not press either of the buttons in a certain amount of time the module will go back into standby mode and inform the customer via a voice prompt.

In the case of a callback from the call center the LED will be solid red or green. A solid red LED indicates an emergency call related DTC has been set by the telematics communication interface control module, otherwise the LED will be solid green.

After a call to the call center the module will stay in callback mode for 20 minutes with the ignition ON of OFF and the LED will be on solid during this time. After 20 minutes there will be a voice prompt and the LED will turn off. After that the module will stay registered to the network for an additional 100 minutes.

ERA Glonass Test Mode

After entering Test Mode the telematics communication interface control module will test the functionally of the keypad, LED indicator, microphone, and audio. At the end of Test Mode the module will send a Minimum Set of Data (MSD) message to the call center.

The MSD message contains control data, vehicle information, direction, position and time. When an emergency call is connected to the call center the MSD message is sent by in-band transmission by default. In the event in-band transmission is unsuccessful, Short Message Service (SMS) will be used as a backup.

To enter the Test Mode turn ignition ON and make sure the vehicle has not moved for at least 1 minute, then press and hold the TEST button for longer than 4 seconds. A series of voice prompts will instruct the user to perform certain functions. At the end of Test Mode one of two messages will be played, TEST OK or Emergency Call System Test Indicates a Failure.

Microphone

The microphone is located in the headliner or roof console. The telematics communication interface control module supplies approximately 10V to the microphone on the microphone signal circuit. The microphone modifies the 10V depending on the volume and voice being detected. A microphone low reference circuit or a drain wire provides a ground for the microphone. The microphone signal circuits pass through the telematics communication interface control module to support entertainment voice recognition. Thus, the module uses the same microphone as the infotainment system. In the event the infotainment system uses two microphones only one will pass through the telematics communication interface control module.

Cellular and GPS/Glonass Antennas

The antenna will have any of the following functions when equipped with ERA Glonass:

• Input cellular element
• Output cellular element
• GPS/Glonass element

The ERA Glonass system uses the input and output cellular antenna elements to send and receive cellular data. The cellular signal is carried by a coax cable that connects the antenna directly to the telematics communication interface control module.

The GPS/Glonass antenna element is used to collect the signals of the orbiting satellites. The GPS/Glonass signal is carried by a coax cable that connects directly to the telematics communication interface control module.

Back-up Battery

NOTE: Do not disconnect the main vehicle battery or remove the telematics fuse with the ignition key in any position other than OFF. Disconnecting power to the telematics communication interface control module in any way while the ignition is ON or with retained accessory power activated may cause activation of the Back-Up Battery. This action is per design as the back-up battery is designed to provide power to the telematics communication interface control module so an emergency notification call can be made after an event where the main battery is disabled or unable to supply sufficient voltage to drive the module. The telematics communication interface control module naturally chooses the main supply voltage as it's default supply. If an emergency call is active, or the network de-registration timer has not expired, and the main supply is removed or lost for any reason the module will use the Back-Up Battery as a power supply to continue the emergency call as long as the default supply can not be detected. If the module is in standby mode and the vehicle battery is disconnected the module will switch to the backup battery for three seconds. If there is no collision event or emergency button press within the three seconds the module will switch off to prevent damage to the backup battery. The back-up battery is not rechargeable and must be replaced if the diagnostics for the DTC (Replace Backup Power Source) indicate it is needed.

Audio System Interface

In the case of an emergency call the radio is muted and the telematics communication interface control module will use the external backup speaker which is connected directly to the module.

ERA Glonass Limitations

The proper operation of the ERA Glonass system is dependent on several elements outside the components integrated into the vehicle. These include the National Cellular Network Infrastructure and the GPS/Glonass.

Making an SOS key press in areas that lack sufficient cellular coverage or have a temporary equipment failure will result in either the inability of a call to complete with a data transfer or the complete inability to connect to the Call Center. In this case the module will uses backup mechanism to store the MSD message into history. When the module succeeds in connecting to the network the stored MSD message will be sent to the call center.

OnStar Description and Operation (UE1 without IOB/IO6)

This OnStar system consists of the following components:

• Telematics communication interface control module
• OnStar three button assembly
• Microphones
• Cellular antenna
• Navigation antenna
• Back up battery
• WiFi Support
• TTY (Teletypewriter)

This system also interfaces with the factory installed vehicle audio system.

Telematics Communication Interface Control Module

The OnStar Telecommunications Platform (TCP) system communicates with various infotainment components via Ethernet. The OnStar TCP uses Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) to communicate data and voice signals over the national cellular network. The telematics communication interface control module supports entertainment WiFi hotspots by providing a connection to the cellular network for internet access. The module is capable of up to 4G LTE speeds and houses 2 technology systems, one to process Global Positioning System (GPS) data, and another for cellular information. The module sends and receives all cellular communications over two cellular antennas and cellular antenna coax cables.

The OnStar TCP system has two antenna inputs, a primary cellular signal and a combined GPS/secondary cellular signal. The OnStar system uses the Unitied States Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to provide location on demand. GPS is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

The module also has the capability of activating certain features such as, the horn, remote engine starting, initiating door lock/unlock, or activating the exterior lamps using the serial data circuits. These functions can be commanded by the OnStar Call Center per a customer request or mobile device app depending on vehicle and customer subscription.

Dedicated circuits are used to connect the telematics communication interface control module to a microphone, the button assembly, and radio. When equipped, the telematics communication interface control module may contain a back up battery (BUB) which is internal to the control module and replaceable through an access cover. The telematics communication interface control module communicates with the rest of the vehicle over the serial data bus and Ethernet.

Power is provided by a dedicated, fused B+ circuit. Ground is provided through the vehicle wiring harness attached to the module. The power mode state is determined by the telematics communication interface control module through serial data messaging.

OnStar Three Button Assembly

• The OnStar button assembly may be part of the rearview mirror, or a separate, stand alone unit. The button assembly is comprised of 3 buttons or 3 capacitive touch buttons and status LED's or an error indicator. The buttons are defined as follows:
  • The answer/end button, which is black with a white phone icon or a white driver figure seated with voice signals near its face, allows the user to answer and end calls or initiate speech recognition.
  • The blue OnStar call center button, which displays the OnStar logo, allows the user to connect to the OnStar call center.
  • The emergency button, which displays white letters "SOS" with red background, sends a high priority emergency call to the OnStar call center when pressed.

If the LED does not illuminate, this may indicate that the customers OnStar subscription is not active or has expired. Push the blue OnStar button to connect to an advisor who can then verify the account status.

The telematics communication interface control module supplies 10 volts to the OnStar button assembly on the keypad supply voltage circuit. When pressed, each button completes a circuit across a resistor allowing a specific voltage to be returned to the telematics communication interface control module on the keypad signal circuit. Depending upon the voltage range returned the telematics communication interface control module is able to identify which button has been pressed.

The OnStar status LED or error indicator is located near the buttons. The LED is green when the system is ON and operating normally. When any indicator is illuminated and flashing, it is an indication that a call is in progress. When the LED is red, this indicates a system malfunction is present. In the event there is a system malfunction and the OnStar system is still able to make a call, the LED will flash red during the call.

Each LED or error indicator is controlled by either the telematics communication interface control module over dedicated LED signal circuits or by low speed GM LAN serial data depending on the inside rearview mirror option. Ground for the LED is provided by the wiring harness attached to the button assembly.

Secondary OnStar Controls

Some vehicles may have an additional button that when pushed can engage the OnStar system. The button may be a symbol of a face with sound waves, or may say MUTE, or be a symbol of a radio speaker with a slash through it.

By engaging the OnStar system with this feature, the user can interact with the system by use of voice commands. A complete list of these commands is supplied in the information provided to the customer. If the information is not available for reference, at any command prompt the user can say "HELP" and the telematics communication interface control module will return an audible list of available commands.

Microphones

This system utilizes two hands free audio microphones, the primary microphone on the driver side and a secondary/reference microphone for the front passenger side. The primary microphone is connected directly to the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module. It is also connected by an analog pass-through circuit to the radio from the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module. The secondary microphone is connected directly to the radio.

The primary microphone is used for emergency and OnStar calls. During normal operating conditions it also provides Bluetooth calls and speech recognition to the radio. The secondary microphone is used as a reference for the primary microphone for passenger interference cancellation during speech recognition and also to enhance the driver side hands free calls. For MY18 and beyond the secondary microphone can also be used for front passenger hands free phone calls.

The front passenger secondary microphone can never be used for an OnStar call. An OnStar call requires the microphone to be directly connected to the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module. During a normal (non-emergency) OnStar call the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module receives an audio signal from the primary microphone and sends the signal to the radio via the Ethernet connection. The radio processes the OnStar call audio and sends it back to the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module via the Ethernet connection. During an emergency button call the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module contacts the OnStar call center directly and does not send the signal to the radio.

Cellular and GPS Antennas

The combination antenna will have any of the following antenna elements when equipped with OnStar:

• Primary cellular element
• Secondary cellular element
• GPS element
• Digital radio element
• AM/FM element

The OnStar TCP system uses 2 cellular antenna elements to send and receive cellular data, the primary cellular element and the secondary cellular element. The primary cellular signal is carried by a coax cable that connects the antenna directly to the telematics communication interface control module.

Details of the secondary cellular signal are further described below.

The GPS antenna element is used to collect the signals of the orbiting GPS satellites. GPS signals are output from the telematics communication interface control module on Ethernet. Other modules on Ethernet may use the GPS latitude, longitude and satellite time data broadcast by the telematics communication interface control module. Using positioning information from the vehicle Ethernet avoids the use of a coaxial signal splitter to pass the analog GPS signal to other modules. Within the antenna is housed a low noise amplifier that allows for a more broad and precise reception of this data.

Also housed within the antenna is circuitry to combine the GPS signal and the secondary cellular signal.

The combination GPS/secondary cellular signal is carried by a coax cable that connects directly to the telematics communication interface control module. The cable also provides a path for DC current for powering the antenna.

OnStar RemoteLink

OnStar RemoteLink is a mobile app to link mobile devices to a vehicle for limited diagnostics and feature controls. After downloading the app and registering the device, vehicle owners with an eligible vehicle can use their mobile devices to access real-time data from their vehicle and perform specific commands remotely.

All communication between the app and the vehicle is powered by OnStar's advanced connected vehicle technology. An active OnStar account as well as a valid OnStar username and password are required to use the app. The remote commands must be enabled by logging into the user's OnStar account prior to using the app. Refer to the owners manual for available vehicle data and control features.

Compass Heading

The telematics communication interface module has a compass feature to calculate vehicle direction which is displayed via the instrument panel cluster or designated display. The compass heading is determined by dead reckoning until the GPS 3d fix is established. The dead reckoning is accomplished by using the yaw rate sensors and wheel ticks to determine heading changes from a GPS known heading.

The GPS 3d fix heading is determined by the deferential of two locations.

BluetoothÂ

With the OnStar TCP system Bluetooth resides in the radio. Refer to Radio/Audio System Description and Operation for further details.

Back-up Battery

NOTE: Do not disconnect the main vehicle battery or remove the OnStar fuse with the ignition key in any position other than OFF. Disconnecting power to the OnStar module in any way while the ignition is ON or with retained accessory power activated may cause activation of the OnStar Back-Up Battery. This action is per design as the back-up battery is designed to provide power to the telematics communication interface control module so an emergency notification call can be made after an event where the main battery is disabled. Once the Back-Up Battery is activated it will stay on until the power is restored back to the telematics communication interface control module. The telematics communication interface control module naturally chooses the main supply voltage as it's default supply, but if the main supply is removed or lost for any reason the OnStar module will use the Back-Up Battery as a power supply as long as the default supply can not be detected. The back-up battery is not rechargeable and once discharged below 9.5 volts the back-up battery must be replaced.

The back-up battery is a non-rechargeable, lithium battery intended to provide an auxiliary power source for the telematics communication interface control module in the event where power from the main vehicle battery is lost.

The back-up battery is intended to have a limited life span of approximately 4 years and is designed to maintain an open circuit voltage between 16 V and 9 V throughout this period. This allows the battery to power the basic functions of the telematics communication interface control module for least one 200 second (5 minute) call at the end of the 4 year span, should the main vehicle battery be lost. In the case of a vehicle losing vehicle battery power, OnStar will switch over to the backup battery based on an internal algorithm. It will look for an air-bag deploy, or near-deploy, messages from the SDM. If there are no messages the OnStar module will stay wake for a few minutes longer and monitor the buttons in the mirror. If not pressed, the modules will power down and shut off completely.

The back-up battery is internal to the telematics communication interface control module.

WiFi Support

The telematics communication interface control module supports entertainment WiFi hotspots by providing a connection to the cellular network for internet access. The radio acts as the central WiFi router and connects hardwire Ethernet to the telematics communication interface control module. The telematics communication interface control module completes the connection to the internet through the cellular network. It has the ability to connect up to 7 devices at one time.

Audio System Interface

When the OnStar requires audio output, a serial data message is sent to the audio system to mute all radio functions and transmit OnStar originated audio. The OnStar audio is transmitted to the vehicle audio system by the Ethernet and GMLAN circuits.

The audio system will mute and an audible ring will be heard though the speakers if the vehicle receives a call with the radio ON.

On some vehicles, the HVAC blower speed may be reduced when the OnStar system is active to aid in reducing interior noise. When the system is no longer active, the blower speed will return to its previous setting.

OnStar Sleep Cycle

The OnStar system uses a unique sleep cycle to allow the system to receive cellular calls while the ignition is in the OFF position and retained accessory power mode has ended. This cycle enables the telematics communication interface control module to perform remote functions, such as door unlock, as commanded over the air by the OnStar Call Center, and to continue to maintain an acceptable level of battery electrical drain.

The OnStar system uses 4 states of readiness, depending upon the type of cellular market the vehicle is in when the ignition is put into the OFF state:

• High power
• Low power
• Sleep
• Digital standby

The high power state is in effect whenever the ignition is in the ON or RUN position, or retained accessory power is enabled, and the OnStar system is sending or receiving calls or when the system is performing a remote function.

The low power state is in effect when the OnStar system is idle with the ignition in the ON or RUN position, or with retained accessory power enabled.

The digital standby power state is entered after the vehicle has been shut off and the retained accessory power has timed out while in a digital cellular area. When in digital standby mode, the OnStar module is able to perform all remote functions as commanded by an OnStar advisor at any time, for a continuous 120 hours. After 120 hours, the OnStar module will go into sleep mode until a wake up signal from the vehicle is seen by the telematics communication interface control module. If the OnStar module loses the digital cellular signal it will revert to analog mode and follow the standard sleep state (9 minutes OFF, 1 minute standby) based on the time of the GPS signals, this will continue until a digital cellular signal is again received.

If the OnStar system loses battery power while the system is in a standby or sleep mode, the system will remain OFF until battery power is restored and the ignition is turned to the ON or RUN position.

Features

OnStar Personal Calling

The hands free, OnStar personal calling cellular phone feature is an additional feature of the OnStar system. This feature is embedded within the telematics communication interface control module; however it must be activated by an OnStar advisor. OnStar personal calling operates similar to most hand held cellular phones in that the availability for its usage is based on minutes or units. The customer must have a current OnStar subscription, as this feature cannot be utilized without it. To use OnStar personal calling, the customer must also purchase units (minutes) as outlined in the owners guide provided with the OnStar system. Units begin to deplete, 1 unit is equal to 1 minute, as the customer makes outbound phone calls, answers inbound phone calls, or while connected to the OnStar virtual advisor. In addition, units may also have an expiration date, depending upon the type of units purchased.

Turn by Turn Navigation (if equipped)

Turn by Turn Navigation allows the driver to contact OnStar to obtain directions for driving from a current location to a desired location. The Turn by Turn Navigation system stores your planned route and continually checks your position along that route, when you deviate from the planned route, the system will recognize this and prompt the driver with verbal prompts for how to proceed..

Teletypewriter (TTY) Users

OnStar has the ability to communicate to deaf, hard-of-hearing, or speech-impaired customers while in the vehicle. The available dealer-installed TTY system can provide in-vehicle access to all of the OnStar services, except Virtual Advisor and OnStar Turn-by-Turn Navigation.

Deactivated OnStar Accounts

In the event a customer has not renewed their OnStar account after expiration or the account was never activated, OnStar will make a discrete cellular call to the vehicle to deactivate the OnStar system. Before taking this action, customers are notified that the OnStar system in their vehicle will be deactivated unless they elect to renew the account. After the OnStar account has been deactivated, customers will experience the following:

• The OnStar status LED will not illuminate.
• The OnStar system will NOT attempt to connect to the OnStar Call Center in the event of a collision or if the vehicle's front air bags deploy for any other reason.
• An emergency button press will play a demo message indicating the service has been deactivated.
• An OnStar Call Center button press will connect the customer with a dedicated sales team who can sell an OnStar subscription and reactivate the vehicle. Depending on the type of OnStar hardware in the vehicle, the customer may first hear a demonstration message stating there is no current OnStar subscription for the vehicle, and directing the customer what to do to activate services.
• OnStar personal calling will not be available, as this feature requires the customer to have a current OnStar account. Attempts to use this feature may result in cellular connection failure messages and the inability to connect to the number dialed.

Certain vehicles that have never had an active OnStar account, or that have been deactivated, may be unable to establish a connection with the OnStar Call Center. When normal published diagnostic procedures do not indicate a possible cause for the no connect concern, the vehicle may have been deactivated. For deactivated vehicles, a no connect response should be considered normal operation.

Further diagnosis and subsequent repair is only necessary should the customer elect to become an active OnStar subscriber or renew the account subscription.

OnStar Cellular, GPS, and Diagnostic Limitations

The proper operation of the OnStar System is dependent on several elements outside the components integrated into the vehicle. These include the National Cellular Network Infrastructure, the cellular telephone carriers within the network, and the GPS.

The cellular operation of the OnStar system may be inhibited by factors such as the users range from an analog or digital cellular tower, the state of the cellular carrier's equipment, and the location where the call is placed. Making an OnStar key press in areas that lack sufficient cellular coverage or have a temporary equipment failure will result in either the inability of a call to complete with a data transfer or the complete inability to connect to the OnStar Call Center. The OnStar system may also experience connection issues if the identification numbers for the module, station identification number, electronic serial number or manufacturers electronic ID, are not recognized by the cellular carriers local signal receiving towers.

The satellites that orbit earth providing the OnStar system with GPS data have almost no failures associated with them. In the event of a no GPS concern, the failure will likely lie with the inability of the system to gain GPS signals because of its location, i.e. in a parking structure, hardware failure, or being mistaken with an OnStar call which has reached the Call Center without vehicle data.

During diagnostic testing of the OnStar system, the technician should ensure the vehicle is located in an area that has a clear unobstructed view of the open sky, and preferably, an area where analog or digital cellular calls have been successfully placed. These areas can be found by successfully making an OnStar keypress in a known good OnStar equipped vehicle and confirming success with the OnStar Call Center advisor. Such places can be used as a permanent reference for future OnStar testing.

Mobile Identification Number and Mobile Directory Number

The telematics communication interface control module utilizes 2 numbers for cellular device identification, call routing and connection, a mobile identification number and a mobile directory number. The mobile identification number represents the number used by the cellular carrier for call routing purposes while the mobile directory number represents the number dialed to reach the cellular device.

Radio/Audio System Description and Operation (IO6)

The entertainment system on this vehicle may have several different configurations available to it. To determine the specific configuration of the vehicle, please see the Service Parts ID Label, and refer to RPO Code List.

Each item in the list below represents topics covered in detail below.

• Data Communications
• Remote Radio Receiver
• Human Machine Interface Module
• Media Disc Player
• Audio Amplifier (If equipped)
• Speaker Operation
• Infotainment Controls and Display
• Antenna System
• Radio Reception
• Theft Deterrent
• Bluetooth  (if equipped)
• Applications (if equipped)
• Auxiliary Audio Input Jack
• USB Port and SD Card Reader
• Navigation System Components and Features (if equipped)
• Valet Mode
• OnStar Â
• Steering Wheel Controls (If equipped)
• Auto Volume Control

Data Communications

The infotainment system communicates with other devices on multiple serial data networks during operation.

P17 - P17 Info Display Module
K33 - K33 HVAC Control Module
X84 - X84 Data Link Connector
A11 - A11 Radio
T3 - T3 Audio Amplifier
P16 - P16 Instrument Cluster
A33 - Media Disc Player
K74 - Human Machine Interface Control Module

Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST)

At the core of the infotainment system is the Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) bus, a highspeed multimedia network technology. The serial MOST bus uses a ring topology and synchronous data communication to transmit audio, video, data and control information between any devices attached.

The MOST bus uses a dual wire structure to communicate among these devices.

A MOST communication enable circuit is also connected to all components on the MOST bus. The MOST enable circuit is used to wake the network and trigger network diagnostics. Any component on the MOST bus may assert the enable circuit, but communications are initiated by the MOST bus master.

The MOST bus master is the device responsible for normal wake up and initialization of communication on the network. The MOST bus master receives vehicle power state information from the vehicle power mode master. The MOST bus master uses this information to control the power state of the infotainment system.

The MOST bus master is also responsible for maintaining known good network configuration. The MOST bus master will be the device that reports MOST bus errors/DTCs.

The Remote Radio Receiver, Human Machine Interface Module, Remote Optical Drive, Audio Amplifier and the Instrument Panel Cluster all communicate on the MOST bus.

Local Interconnect Network (LIN)

The Local Interconnect Network (LIN) Bus is a single wire communication system. This bus is used to exchange information between a master control module and other smart devices which provide supporting functionality.

The Remote Radio Receiver, Human Machine Interface Module, Information Display, Infotainment Controls and the Multifunction (tunnel) Controls all communicate on the LIN bus.

GMLAN

The Remote Radio Receiver, Audio Amplifier, and the Human Machine Interface Module communicate with other components and systems in the vehicle via GMLAN.

Remote Radio Receiver

The radio is the MOST BUS master. The radio also communicates with other components and systems within the vehicle via GMLAN.

The remote radio receiver is responsible for receiving all broadcast audio bands. Broadcast signals from AM, FM, and XM bands are transmitted to the radio via the vehicle antenna systems.

Radio Power

The radio receives battery power and ground from the vehicle harness.

The radio does not use a discrete ignition feed circuit for power moding. The power mode master provides the system power mode to the radio via serial data messages. The power mode master determines the system power mode by processing power mode information from ignition switch inputs.

Serial data power modes supported by the radio are OFF, ACCESSORY, RUN, and CRANK REQUEST.

Radio Audio Outputs

The radio outputs all audio signals digitally over the MOST bus.

Human Machine Interface Module

The human machine interface module is responsible for the following: Video for the infotainment display, Bluetooth Â, USB, memory card reader, and speech recognition functions.

The human machine interface module communicates with the info display module via the LIN bus for control information, touch communications and dimming level. Digital video data is sent to the display through a dedicated video cable.

Media Disc Player

The media disc player receives control information and outputs digital audio over the MOST bus.

The media disc player receives battery power and ground from the vehicle harness.

Audio Amplifier (If equipped)

Amplifier Interface

A fused battery voltage circuit provides the main amplifier power. The audio amplifier is a participant on the MOST network. The audio amplifier receives audio signals and control information from the MOST bus.

Amplifier Operation

The purpose of the amplifier is to increase the power of a voltage or current signal. The output signal of an amplifier may consist of the same frequencies as the input signal or it may consist of only a portion of the frequencies as in the case of a subwoofer or midrange speaker. The audio amplifier amplifies the signal and sends it to the appropriate speakers.

Each of the audio output channel circuits (+) and (-), at the audio amplifier have a DC bias voltage that is approximately one half of the battery voltage. When using a DMM, each of the audio output channel circuits will measure approximately 6.5V DC. The audio being played on the system is produced by a varying AC voltage that is centered around the DC bias voltage on the same circuit. The AC voltage is what causes the speaker cone to move and produce sound. Both the DC bias voltage and the AC voltage signals are needed for the audio system to properly produce sound.

The audio amplifier is also responsible for operation of active noise cancellation. Refer to Active Noise Cancellation Description and Operation for more information.

Speaker Operation

Speakers turn electrical energy into mechanical energy to move air, using a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. The electromagnet is energized when the radio or amplifier (if equipped) delivers current to the voice coil on the speaker. The voice coil will form a north and south pole that will cause the voice coil and the speaker cone to move in relation to the permanent magnet. The current delivered to the speaker is rapidly changing alternating current (A/C). This causes the speaker cone to move in two directions producing sound.

Infotainment Controls and Display

The infotainment display and controls are a separate component from the radio, combined into an assembly. The assembly contains the control knobs and buttons for all audio and HVAC functions and the information display. The assembly is supplied battery voltage and ground from the vehicle harness.

Control information, touch communications and dimming level for the display are communicated via a LIN serial data circuit to the human machine interface module.

The human machine interface module sends the display digital video data for on-screen display through a dedicated video cable.

The information display provides a feedback on the touch screen and certain controls. Buttons pulse when pressed to affirm that the command is being carried out,

When not actively in use, the screen reverts to minimal images. Proximity Sensing awakens the LCD screen when a hand approaches it.

The controls communicate via a LIN serial data circuit with the remote radio receiver. Messages communicated include the following:

• Wake-up/power state messages
• Diagnostic information
• Button presses/knob rotations
• Commands for the state of indicators
• Back-lighting dimming level

HVAC data for controls and status indicators is communicated between the HVAC controls and the HVAC control module with a separate LIN serial data circuit. HVAC status screen information from the HVAC control module is transmitted to the radio on the GMLAN serial data circuit. The radio communicates the desired screen information to the human machine interface module to be sent to the information display using the video data circuits.

Antenna System

Multi-Band Antenna

The multi-band antenna is located on the roof of the vehicle. This type of antenna may be used with the AM/FM radio, but is primarily for cellular and GPS signals, if the vehicle has these features. Keep this antenna clear of snow and ice build up for clear reception. If the vehicle has a sunroof, the performance of the system may be affected if the sunroof is open. Loading items onto the roof of the vehicle can interfere with the performance of the system, ensure the multi-band antenna is not obstructed.

Diversity Antenna

The diversity antenna system uses antennas applied as appliqu e s to the rear glass and two antenna amplifiers. The right antenna 1 receives both AM and FM signals, while the left antenna 2 receives FM signals only. The antenna amplifier receives the signals from the glass antenna. Each antenna amplifier is connected to the radio by a coaxial cable.

The radio antenna amplifier is enabled when the radio is turned on. The radio provides battery voltage to the antenna amplifier using the center conductor of the antenna coaxial cable. When a 12 V signal is seen by the amplifier on the center conductor of the antenna coax, the received signals are amplified.

When the AM band is selected on the radio, the antenna 1 amplifier connects the AM antenna to the radio. When the FM band is selected, both antenna amplifiers provide FM signals to the radio. The radio switches between the two FM antennas, monitoring the signal strength and combines the signals to create one stronger signal.

Radio Reception

AM/FM Radio Signal

The radio signal is sent from a broadcast station and is then received by an antenna. The strength of the signal received depends on the following:

• The power output (wattage) of the broadcasting station
• The location of the vehicle (or receiver) relative to the broadcast tower.
• Height of the broadcast antenna
• Height of the receiving antenna
• Obstacles between the tower and the receiver
• Atmospheric conditions
• What band (AM or FM) the station is broadcasting
• Type of antenna and the ground plane

Digital Radio Receiver (If equipped)

The XM satellite receiver is integrated into the radio. XM satellite radio provides digital radio reception.

The XM signal is broadcast from two satellites and, where necessary, terrestrial repeaters. The high power satellites allow the antenna to receive the XM signal even when foliage and other partial obstructions block the antennas view of the satellite. Terrestrial repeaters are used in dense urban areas.

These repeaters will receive the satellite signal and re-broadcast them at much higher power levels in order to ensure reception in areas with densely packed tall buildings. A service fee is required in order to receive the XM service.

Radio Data System (RDS)

The RDS feature is available only on FM stations that broadcast RDS information. This system relies upon receiving specific information from these stations and only works when the information is available. While the radio is tuned to an FM-RDS station, the station name or call letters display. RDS data is carried in what is known as a "subcarrier". A subcarrier is a frequency that the FM broadcaster is authorized to use to send data that is not audible in the main audio program.

RDS functions will only work with FM broadcast stations that are broadcasting RDS data. Not all FM Broadcast stations broadcast RDS data or offer all of the RDS services.

The information displayed is dependent upon the information broadcast by the particular station. The information may vary greatly between stations. RDS functions may not work properly when reception is weak, reception is of poor quality, or RDS is not implemented properly by the FM Broadcaster. In some cases, a radio station broadcasting incorrect information may cause the RDS features of the radio to appear to work improperly.

With RDS, the radio can do the following:

• Display text information such as: station identification, type of programming, and general information (artist and song title, station messages, call in phone numbers, etc.).
• Seek to stations broadcasting the selected type of programming
• Receive announcements concerning local and national emergencies
• Receive alert warnings of local or national emergencies. When an alert announcement comes on the current radio station, ALERT! displays. You will hear the announcement, even if the volume is low or a CD is playing. If a CD is playing, play stops during the announcement. Alert announcements cannot be turned off. ALERT! is not affected by tests of the emergency broadcast system. This feature is not supported by all RDS stations.

Theft Deterrent

The radio theft deterrent system is intended to disable or limit radio functionality if incorrect vehicle information is received by the radio. The radio disables functionality if the VIN information received by the radio does not match the VIN information that has been learned by the radio. The radio receives this information via serial data. A possible cause of incorrect VIN info could be the radio was originally installed in another vehicle.

The radio has the following theft operating modes as part of the theft deterrent system:

• Normal Mode: The radio has learned a correct VIN sequence and the VIN information received via serial data matches the learned VIN sequence. In this mode the radio has full functionality.
• No VIN Mode: The radio has not received or learned a correct VIN sequence. In this mode the radio has limited functionality.
• Theft Detected Mode: The radio has learned a correct VIN sequence and the VIN information received via serial data does NOT match the learned VIN sequence. In this mode the radio may be disabled or have limited functionality. The radio display will indicate that theft protection is active.

Bluetooth  (If equipped)

Bluetooth  wireless technology is a short-range communications technology intended to replace the cables connecting portable and/or fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security. The operating range of the signal is approximately 30 feet.

The available features and functions are determined by the type of device and the software within the devices being used. For a feature or function to operate, it must be supported in both devices.

The first connection between devices is established through a process called pairing. In order to pair two devices, a password (passkey) has to be exchanged between the two devices. One device will generate the password, the other device accepts the password to complete the process. Once the devices are paired, future connections between the devices will occur automatically when the devices are on and within range of each other.

The Bluetooth  hardware is internal to the human machine interface module. The human machine interface module supports streaming of data (music, voice, information) from cellular phones and other mobile devices that support those features. The human machine interface module is also capable of interfacing with cellular phones for hands-free features.

• The device must be paired to the system to use the available Bluetooth  feature(s). The pairing process must only be performed once for each device, unless that device's information is deleted.
• Up to five devices can be paired, but only one can be connected at any given time.
• Streaming Audio allows playing music from the mobile device wirelessly. Music stored on the mobile device can be viewed and controlled from the display.
• To stream audio from a mobile device, the device must be unlocked, and any additional applications should be closed.

Refer to the vehicle owners manual, supplements, and the device manufacturers information for pairing instructions.

Applications (If equipped)

When the system is equipped with Bluetooth Â, the system is capable of using applications, commonly referred to as apps.

The term application refers to any piece of software that works on a system (hardware) that is being operated by it's own software. Applications are typically small software programs which uses the hardware to perform a specific task, as opposed to operating the entire system.

• For an application to be used, it must be installed on both the vehicle infotainment system and a compatible mobile device.
• The device must be connected to the system. this may be done wirelessly via Bluetooth Â, or via the vehicle USB port. Refer to the device manufacturers information for the proper connection method.
• When the device is connected, the vehicle infotainment system is used to remotely access and control the application on the mobile device.
• The application must work correctly on the device to work with the vehicle infotainment system.
• The user may be required to log-in to the application on the mobile device before using the application from the vehicle controls.
• Using applications will use the device's data plan.
• The device must be unlocked, and any additional applications should be closed.

Refer to the owner's manual and supplements for information on mobile devices, control, and operation.

Auxiliary Audio Input Jack (If equipped)

The infotainment system may have a 3.5mm (1/8 in.) auxiliary audio input jack located in the center console. The auxiliary audio input jack interfaces directly with the radio. When a portable audio playback device is connected to the auxiliary jack, an internal switch detects the connection and the radio will switch to AUX as the audio source. Audio signals from the device are sent to the radio from the auxiliary jack via the left, right, and common audio signal circuits.

• When a device is first connected to the 3.5mm (1/8 in.) input jack the infotainment system automatically switches to that device. If an auxiliary device has already been connected, press the AUX or CD/AUX button to select the device.
• Playback of an audio device that is connected to the 3.5mm jack can only be controlled using the controls on the device.
• The volume control on the device may need to be adjusted to ensure sufficient playback volume through the infotainment system.

USB Port and SD Card Reader

The infotainment system has a USB port and SD card reader slot located in the center console. The USB port and the card reader slot interface with a hub device, internal to the auxiliary jack, USB, and memory card receptacle assembly. The auxiliary jack, USB, and memory card receptacle assembly receives fused battery voltage and ground from the harness to power the internal hub device as well as providing additional amperage to power USB devices.

The internal hub device interfaces directly with the human machine interface module via a standard USB cable. A Mini type USB connector is used to connect the cable at the USB port and at the human machine interface module and at the auxiliary jack, USB, and memory card receptacle. Standard USB male to female connections are typically used for connecting USB cables together where an in-line connection is required. An in-line cable connection is typically found between the console and I/P harness.

USB Port

The USB port allows connectivity to the infotainment system from portable media players or a USB storage device (memory stick/ flash drive). When a device is connected to the USB port, the system detects the device and switches to USB as the audio source. Once connected, the device can be controlled from the radio controls.

Not all portable media player devices or file types are compatible. Connection to USB HUB devices is not supported.

Refer to the owner's manual for information on USB devices, control, and operation.

SD Card Reader

The infotainment system uses the SD card reader as a mass storage device, similar to a USB storage device.

Refer to the owners manual for information on media types supported via the SD card reader.

Navigation System Components and Features (if equipped)

The human machine interface module provides navigation functionality, if equipped. The human machine interface module provides the following:

• Connection to the global positioning system (GPS) antenna, which provides the vehicle position information.
• Map data for navigation and map route guidance, stored in the human machine interface modules internal memory.
• Route guidance with verbal prompts to the operator.
• Traffic and weather information for display on the navigation system map (with active subscription, where available).

Global Positioning System (GPS) Antenna

The global positioning system (GPS) antenna is part of the multi-band antenna located on the roof of the vehicle. The GPS antenna is used to collect the signals of the orbiting GPS satellites. Within the antenna is housed a low noise amplifier that allows for a more broad and precise reception of this data. The GPS antenna amplifier is powered through the coaxial cable.

The antenna is connected to the human machine interface module through a signal splitter. The signal splitter is a component for dividing the navigation signal into two paths without any transmission loss.

This allows the use of a single GPS antenna to provide a signal to both the human machine interface module and the telematics communication interface module.

Route Guidance

The map will display the route to the selected destination. Voice prompts alert the operator of upcoming events (turns) and arrivals at the destination. The navigation system will automatically recalculate if the route is not followed. The human machine interface module uses data received from the global positioning system (GPS) satellites, the vehicle speed signal. and serial data information to accurately display the current position of the vehicle.

Points of Interest

The map database provides point of interest information. Points of interests are locations that are frequently visited. Points of interest can be can be displayed on the map or set as a destination. The following are some of the available Points of interests:

• Gas Station
• Restaurant
• College
• Police Station

Valet Mode

Valet Mode is a customer enabled feature of the infotainment system, found in the settings menu, if equipped. The customer creates and inputs a four digit code using the infotainment controls. Confirming the code and selecting LOCK will lock the infotainment system, steering wheel controls and other vehicle features, dependant on vehicle equipment. The vehicle will remain in valet mode until the same four digit code is reentered.

In the event that the four digit code is forgotten, the scan tool can be used to clear the Valet Mode Code.

OnStar  (If equipped)

When OnStar is activated, a serial data message is sent to the radio that activates a software program.

When the software begins its process, the fade goes to the front, Bass and Treble are set to the mid range, the outputs are mono, and the audio source is OnStar. OnStar takes priority over any other audio source. All of these actions are preset values stored in the radio.

For additional OnStar information, refer to OnStar Description and Operation.

Steering Wheel Controls (If equipped)

Some audio functions are available using the steering wheel controls. The steering wheel controls duplicate the function of the primary controls available on the radio.

For additional information on steering wheel controls, refer to Steering Wheel Controls Description and Operation.

Auto Volume Control

With auto volume control, the audio system will adjust automatically to make up for road and wind noise as you drive, by increasing the volume as vehicle speed increases. To use auto volume control, set the volume at the desired level, and then select either Low, Medium, or High. To turn auto volume control off, select the Off screen button.

Rear Audio Control (If equipped)

The Rear Seat Audio Controls interface to the radio using Low Speed GM LAN and allow the rear seat passengers to control the cabin's audio system. Rear occupants can turn the radio on/off, change the volume, change input sources, seek, and cycle presets. For additional information on Rear Audio Controls, refer to the vehicle owners manual.

Radio/Audio System Description and Operation (IOB)

Each item in the list below represents topics covered in detail below.

• Radio Circuit Operation
• Information Display and Controls
• Antenna System
• Radio Reception
• Speaker Operation
• Audio Amplifier (If equipped)
• Theft Deterrent
• Bluetooth  (if equipped)
• Auxiliary Audio Input Jack (If equipped)
• USB Port (If equipped)
• OnStar Â
• Steering Wheel Controls (If equipped)
• SCV (Speed Compensated Volume)
• FOTA (Firmware Over The Air)

Radio Circuit Operation

Radio Power

The radio is supplied power by a fused B+ circuit. The radio does not use a discrete ignition feed circuit for power moding. The power mode master provides the system power mode to the radio via serial data messages. The power mode master determines the system power mode by processing power mode information from ignition switch inputs. Serial data power modes supported by the radio are OFF, ACCESSORY, RUN, and CRANK REQUEST.

Radio Retained Accessory Power

The radio retained accessory power system is controlled by serial data. The activation/termination is the same as relay operation (see Retained Accessory Power Description and Operation) with one exception; the only door switch that will turn off the radio during retained accessory power is the driver door open switch.

Radio Grounds

The vehicle harness provides a ground for the radio circuits. The radio may also be case grounded.

Radio Data Link Communication

The radio communicates with other modules via serial data.

Radio Audio Outputs

Each of the audio output channel circuits (+) and (-), at the radio have a DC bias voltage that is approximately one half of battery voltage. The audio being played on the system is produced by a varying AC voltage that is centered around the DC bias voltage on the same circuit. The AC voltage is what causes the speaker cone to move and produce sound. The frequency (Hz) of the AC voltage signal is directly related to the frequency of the input (audio source playing) to the audio system. Both the DC bias voltage and the AC voltage signals are needed for the audio system to properly produce sound.

Information Display and Controls

The info display module and radio controls can be separate components from the radio or combined with the radio into one assembly.

When the info display module and radio controls are separate the radio controls communicate radio control inputs directly to the radio through discrete circuits for volume up, volume down and power ON button. It also uses a series of resistors through a single signal circuit when the home, seek up, seek down and phone buttons are pressed. After receiving the message the radio will perform the requested function. The info display module receives digital video data from the radio for on-screen display information through the LVDS (Low Voltage Differential Signal) cable. The radio communicates with the info display module over the radio display touch interrupt request signal for touch screen inputs.

Antenna System

Multi-Band Antenna (if equipped)

The multi-band antenna is located on the roof of the vehicle. This type of antenna may be used with the AM/FM radio, cellular and GPS signals. Keep this antenna clear of snow and ice build up for clear reception. If the vehicle has a sunroof, the performance of the system may be affected if the sunroof is open. Loading items onto the roof of the vehicle can interfere with the performance of the system, ensure the multi-band antenna is not obstructed.

Active Antenna (if equipped)

The active antenna system uses an integral antenna applied as an appliqu e to the rear glass. The antenna module receives both AM and FM signals from the rear glass antenna. The antenna is part of the rear window and looks similar to the defogger grid. One antenna receives AM signals while the other antenna receives FM signals. Any damage to the antenna requires replacing the glass.

The radio antenna module is enabled when the radio is turned on. The radio provides battery voltage to the antenna module using the center conductor of the antenna coaxial cable. When a 12 V signal is seen by the module on the center conductor of the antenna coax, both AM and FM signals are amplified.

Radio Reception

AM/FM Radio Signal

The radio signal is sent from a broadcast station and is then received by an antenna. The strength of the signal received depends on the following:

• The power output (wattage) of the broadcasting station
• The location of the vehicle (or receiver) relative to the broadcast tower.
• Height of the broadcast antenna
• Height of the receiving antenna
• Obstacles between the tower and the receiver
• Atmospheric conditions
• What band (AM or FM) the station is broadcasting
• Type of antenna and the ground plane

Radio Data System (RDS)

The RDS feature is available only on FM stations that broadcast RDS information. This system relies upon receiving specific information from these stations and only works when the information is available. While the radio is tuned to an FM-RDS station, the station name or call letters display. RDS data is carried in what is known as a "subcarrier". A subcarrier is a frequency that the FM broadcaster is authorized to use to send data that is not audible in the main audio program.

RDS functions will only work with FM broadcast stations that are broadcasting RDS data. Not all FM Broadcast stations broadcast RDS data or offer all of the RDS services.

The information displayed is dependent upon the information broadcast by the particular station. The information may vary greatly between stations. RDS functions may not work properly when reception is weak, reception is of poor quality, or RDS is not implemented properly by the FM Broadcaster. In some cases, a radio station broadcasting incorrect information may cause the RDS features of the radio to appear to work improperly.

With RDS, the radio can do the following:

• Display text information such as: station identification, type of programming, and general information (artist and song title, station messages, call in phone numbers, etc.).
• Seek to stations broadcasting the selected type of programming
• Receive announcements concerning local and national emergencies
• Receive alert warnings of local or national emergencies. When an alert announcement comes on the current radio station, ALERT! displays. You will hear the announcement, even if the volume is low or if an auxiliary device is playing. If an auxiliary device is playing, play stops during the announcement. Alert announcements cannot be turned off. ALERT! is not affected by tests of the emergency broadcast system. This feature is not supported by all RDS stations.

Digital Radio Receiver (If equipped)

The vehicle may have one of two digital radio options, satellite transmitted (XM-Sirius) or terrestrial Digital Audio Broadcast (DAB) depending on geographical area.

XM-Sirius

The XM satellite receiver is integrated into the radio. XM satellite radio provides digital radio reception.

The XM signal is broadcast from two satellites and, where necessary, terrestrial repeaters. The high power satellites allow the antenna to receive the XM signal even when foliage and other partial obstructions block the antennas view of the satellite. Terrestrial repeaters are used in dense urban areas.

These repeaters will receive the satellite signal and re-broadcast them at much higher power levels in order to ensure reception in areas with densely packed tall buildings. A service fee is required in order to receive the XM service.

Digital Audio Broadcast (DAB)

The DAB receiver is integrated into the radio. DAB radio provides digital radio reception. The DAB signal is broadcast from terrestrial transmitters. Services available can include: main radio stations, additional stations (news, sports, etc..) and data services (digital images, video and other data). The availability of services is dependent upon broadcasters in the area. The strength of the DAB signal depends on the following:

• The power output (wattage) of the broadcasting station
• Location of the vehicle (or receiver) relative to the broadcast tower
• Height of the broadcast antenna
• Height of the receiving antenna
• Obstacles between the tower and the receiver
• Type of antenna and the ground plane

Speaker Operation

Speakers turn electrical energy into mechanical energy to move air, using a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. The electromagnet is energized when the radio or amplifier (if equipped) delivers current to the voice coil on the speaker. The voice coil will form a north and south pole that will cause the voice coil and the speaker cone to move in relation to the permanent magnet. The current delivered to the speaker is rapidly changing alternating current (A/C). This causes the speaker cone to move in two directions producing sound.

Audio Amplifier (If equipped)

Amplifier Interface

A fused battery voltage circuit provides the main amplifier power. A switched 12 V output from the radio is used to control the power - state of the amplifier. To respond quickly to audio input and control signals, the amplifier is ON in all vehicle power modes except OFF and CRANK Request. The internal amplifier bridges are fully powered and unmuted when the amplifier receives the switched 12 V input.

Amplifier Operation

The purpose of the amplifier is to increase the power of a voltage or current signal. The output signal of an amplifier may consist of the same frequencies as the input signal or it may consist of only a portion of the frequencies as in the case of a subwoofer or midrange speaker. The radio creates a low level stereo audio output signal, which is sent at the user-defined volume level to the audio amplifier. The audio amplifier amplifies the signal and sends it to the appropriate speakers. Each of the audio output channel circuits (+) and (-), from the amplifier have a DC bias voltage that is approximately one half of battery voltage. The audio being played on the system is produced by a varying AC voltage that is centered around the DC bias voltage on the same circuit. The AC voltage is what causes the speaker cone to move and produce sound. The frequency (Hz) of the AC voltage signal is directly related to the frequency of the input (audio source playing) to the audio system. Both the DC bias voltage and the AC voltage signals are needed for the audio system to properly produce sound.

Theft Deterrent

The radio theft deterrent system is intended to disable or limit radio functionality if incorrect vehicle information is received by the radio. The radio disables functionality if the VIN information received by the radio does not match the VIN information that has been learned by the radio. The radio receives this information via serial data. A possible cause of incorrect VIN info could be the radio was originally installed in another vehicle.

The radio has the following theft operating modes as part of the theft deterrent system:

• Normal Mode: The radio has learned a correct VIN sequence and the VIN information received via serial data matches the learned VIN sequence. In this mode the radio has full functionality.
• No VIN Mode: The radio has not received or learned a correct VIN sequence. In this mode the radio has limited functionality.
• Theft Detected Mode: The radio has learned a correct VIN sequence and the VIN information received via serial data does NOT match the learned VIN sequence. In this mode the radio may be disabled or have limited functionality. The radio display will indicate that theft protection is active.

Bluetooth (If Equipped)

Bluetooth wireless technology is a short-range communications technology intended to replace the cables connecting portable and/or fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security. Only vehicles with steering wheel controls will have Bluetooth functionality. In order to utilize the vehicle's Bluetooth system, a Bluetooth equipped cellular phone is required.

The Bluetooth antenna is internal to the radio and is used to send and receive signals from a Bluetooth enabled cellular phone. The available features and functions are determined by the software within the device being used and the radio. The operating range of the signal from the vehicle is approximately 30 feet. Note that the operating range is dependent upon the cellular phone being used and battery level of the phone.

With Bluetooth technology customers can experience hands-free calling as their Bluetooth capable cellular phones are wirelessly connected to the vehicle. It will allow customers to place and receive calls using the steering wheel controls and voice recognition. The vehicle audio system will allow you to listen to your call through the vehicle speakers and adjust volume through steering wheel or radio controls.

Not all Bluetooth cellular phones are guaranteed to work with the vehicle's Bluetooth system.

Based on the cellular phone's service provider and the manufacturer's implementation of BluetoothÂ, not all phones support all available Bluetooth functionality. Bluetooth enabled cellular phones will be tested for vehicle compatibility and a feature compatibility list will be provided via the GM Bluetooth website: http://www.gm.com/vc/bluetooth/

Bluetooth Features Supported

The following is a list of features supported by the Bluetooth system. Note that not all devices will support all of the listed functions.

• Automatic reconnection - highest priority phone will automatically be connected to vehicle when vehicle ignition is on
• Hands-free dialing- via digits, redial, name tags (phone number saved to a nametag via voice recognition)
• Answering a call
• Ending a call
• Mute a Call
• Rejecting a call - ignore an incoming call
• Call Waiting
• Three-way Calling - initiated from hands-free system
• Send Number During a Call - this is used when calling a menu-driven phone system
• Transfer a Call - transfer call from vehicle to cellular phone and visa versa
• Voice Pass-Thru - allow access to the voice recognition commands on the cellular phone

Auxiliary Audio Input Jack (If equipped)

The infotainment system may have a 3.5mm (1/8 in.) auxiliary audio input jack located in the center console or on the radio faceplate. The auxiliary audio input jack interfaces directly with the radio. When a portable audio playback device is connected to the auxiliary jack, an internal switch detects the connection and the radio will switch to AUX as the audio source. Audio signals from the device are sent to the radio from the auxiliary jack via the left, right, and common audio signal circuits.

• When a device is first connected to the 3.5mm (1/8 in.) input jack the infotainment system automatically switches to that device. If an auxiliary device has already been connected, press the Media or AUX button to select the device.
• Playback of an audio device that is connected to the 3.5mm jack can only be controlled using the controls on the device.
• The volume control on the device may need to be adjusted to ensure sufficient playback volume through the infotainment system.

USB Port (If Equipped)

The infotainment system may have a USB connector located in the center console. The USB connector interfaces directly with the radio. The USB connector supports both USB standards 1.1 and 2.0.

USB Supported Devices:

• USB Flash Sticks (Thumb Drives)
• Portable USB Hard Drives
• Portable Digital Media Players (iPODÂ, ZUNEÂ, etc)

Depending on the USB device, some devices may not be recognized, or some features/functions may not be able to be controlled with the radio controls. USB HUB devices are not supported.

Refer to the owner's manual for information on USB devices, control, and operation.

OnStar  (If equipped)

When OnStar is activated, a serial data message is sent to the radio that activates a software program.

When the software begins its process, the fade goes to the front, Bass and Treble are set to the mid range, the outputs are mono, and the audio source is OnStar. OnStar takes priority over any other audio source. All of these actions are preset values stored in the radio.

Steering Wheel Controls (If equipped)

Some audio functions are available using the steering wheel controls. The steering wheel controls duplicate the function of the primary controls available on the radio.

For additional information on steering wheel controls, refer to Steering Wheel Controls Description and Operation.

Speed Compensated Volume

With Speed Compensated Volume the audio system will adjust automatically to make up for road and wind noise as you drive, by increasing the volume as vehicle speed increases. To use speed compensated volume, set the volume to the desired level, then select either Low, Medium, or High. To turn SCV off select the Off screen button.

Firmware Over The Air

The Firmware Over The Air feature was designed to reflash software remotely. Remote reflash is an invehicle feature that enables the installation of a software package to update the infotainment system without requiring service test equipment to be physically connected to the vehicle. Remote reflash will utilize a long range or short range connection from the host module to a remote IT system.

Radio/Audio System Description and Operation (IOS/IOT/IOU)

The entertainment system on this vehicle may have several different configurations available to it. To determine the specific configuration of the vehicle, please see the Service Parts ID Label, and refer to RPO Code List.

Each item in the list below represents topics covered in detail below.

• Data Communications
• Remote Radio Receiver
• Speaker Operation
• Antenna System
• Radio Reception
• Auto Volume Control (If equipped)
• Microphones
• Bluetooth  (if equipped)
• WiFi
• Back Office Registration
• Applications (if equipped)
• Speech Recognition
• Navigation System Components and Features (if equipped)
• Valet Mode
• Teen Driver
• Theft Deterrent
• Audio Amplifier (If equipped)
• Infotainment Controls and Display
• Steering Wheel Controls (If equipped)
• SD Card Reader, USB and Auxiliary port
• OnStar Â
• Compass Data
• Media Disc Player

Data Communications

The infotainment system communicates with other devices on multiple serial data networks during operation.

Ethernet AVB

At the core of the infotainment system is the Radio Ethernet AVB (Audio Video Bridging) switch, which communicates directly to each contributing Infotainment module terminator. The Ethernet harness consists of twisted pair wires from point to point. Each module on the Ethernet infotainment system sends/receives data at 100 megabit per second (Mbps) to/from a specified port at the Radio. The Radio/Ethernet will also be used to program USB S/W update files to the modules connected to the Ethernet ports.

Local Interconnect Network (LIN)

The Local Interconnect Network (LIN) Bus is a single wire communication system. This bus is used to exchange information between a master control module and other smart devices which provide supporting functionality.

The Remote Radio Receiver, Information Display, Infotainment Controls and the Multifunction (tunnel) Controls all communicate on the LIN bus.

GMLAN

The Remote Radio Receiver will communicate with other modules and systems in the vehicle via GMLAN. Diagnostic Trouble Codes will be read on GMLAN to diagnose Ethernet, LIN and system faults. GMLAN will also be used for programming calibrations.

For additional information refer to Data Link Communications Description and Operation.

Remote Radio Receiver

Overview

The Radio is the Ethernet master. The radio also communicates with other components and systems within the vehicle via GMLAN and LIN. The remote radio receiver communicates with the info display module via the LIN bus for control information, touch communications and dimming level. Digital video data is sent to the display through a dedicated video cable.

The Radio receiver contains internal antennas for Bluetooth  and WiFi. The Radio must be mounted properly to obtain proper wireless signals and GPS position. The remote radio receiver is responsible for receiving all broadcast audio bands. Broadcast signals from AM, FM, XM and DAB bands are transmitted to the radio via the vehicle antenna systems. The remote radio receiver is also responsible for the following: Video for the infotainment display, Bluetooth Â, USB, memory card reader, and speech recognition functions.

The Radio has phone projection capabilities that can transmits information directly to the vehicle infotainment system through Bluetooth or a USB connection. Downloadable applications will be available based on distracted driver safety requirements.

Radio Power

The radio receives battery power and ground from the vehicle harness.

The radio does not use a discrete ignition feed circuit for power moding. The power mode master provides the system power mode to the radio via serial data messages. The power mode master determines the system power mode by processing power mode information from ignition switch inputs.

Serial data power modes supported by the radio are OFF, ACCESSORY, RUN, and CRANK REQUEST.

Radio Audio Outputs

When not equipped with an amplifier, the radio outputs all audio signals to the speakers via the vehicle wiring harness.

When equipped with an amplifier, the radio outputs all audio signals digitally over Ethernet.

Speaker Operation

Speakers turn electrical energy into mechanical energy to move air, using a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. The electromagnet is energized when the radio or amplifier (if equipped) delivers current to the voice coil on the speaker. The voice coil will form a north and south pole that will cause the voice coil and the speaker cone to move in relation to the permanent magnet. The current delivered to the speaker is rapidly changing alternating current (A/C). This causes the speaker cone to move in two directions producing sound.

Antenna System

Multi-Band Antenna

The multi-band antenna is located on the roof of the vehicle. This type of antenna may be used with the AM/FM radio, but is primarily for cellular, GPS signals, and XM, if the vehicle has these features. Keep this antenna clear of snow and ice for clear reception. If the vehicle has a sunroof, the performance of the system may be affected if the sunroof is open. Loading items onto the roof of the vehicle can interfere with the performance of the system, ensure the multi-band antenna is not obstructed.

Diversity Antenna

The diversity antenna system uses antennas applied as appliqu e s to the rear glass and two antenna amplifiers. The right antenna 1 receives both AM and FM signals, while the left antenna 2 may receive FM and DAB signals only. The antenna amplifier receives the signals from the glass antenna. Each antenna amplifier is connected to the radio by a coaxial cable.

The radio antenna amplifier is enabled when the radio is turned on. The radio provides battery voltage to the antenna amplifier using the center conductor of the antenna coaxial cable. When a 12 V signal is seen by the amplifier on the center conductor of the antenna coax, the received signals are amplified.

When the AM band is selected on the radio, the antenna 1 amplifier connects the AM antenna to the radio. When the FM band is selected, both antenna amplifiers provide FM signals to the radio. The radio switches between the two FM antennas, monitoring the signal strength and combines the signals to create one stronger signal.

Global Positioning System (GPS) Antenna

The global positioning system (GPS) antenna is part of the multi-band antenna located on the roof of the vehicle. The GPS antenna is used to collect the signals of the orbiting GPS satellites. Within the antenna is housed a low noise amplifier that allows for a more broad and precise reception of this data. The GPS antenna amplifier is powered through the coaxial cable.

The antenna is connected to the remote radio receiver through a signal splitter. The signal splitter is a component for dividing the navigation signal into two paths without any transmission loss. This allows the use of a single GPS antenna to provide a signal to both the remote radio receiver and the telematics communication interface module.

Radio Reception

AM/FM Radio Signal

The radio signal is sent from a broadcast station and is then received by an antenna. The strength of the signal received depends on the following:

• The power output (wattage) of the broadcasting station
• The location of the vehicle (or receiver) relative to the broadcast tower.
• Height of the broadcast antenna
• Height of the receiving antenna
• Obstacles between the tower and the receiver
• Atmospheric conditions
• What band (AM or FM) the station is broadcasting
• Type of antenna and the ground plane

Sirius XM (SXM) Digital Radio Receiver (If equipped)

A service fee is required in order to receive the XM service.

The XM satellite receiver is integrated into the radio. XM satellite radio provides digital radio reception.

The XM signal is broadcast from two satellites and, where necessary, terrestrial repeaters. The high power satellites allow the antenna to receive the XM signal even when foliage and other partial obstructions block the antennas view of the satellite. Terrestrial repeaters are used in dense urban areas.

These repeaters will receive the satellite signal and re-broadcast them at much higher power levels in order to ensure reception in areas with densely packed tall buildings. Even with repeaters the signal can be compromised resulting in loss of XM.

High Definition (HD) Radio (If equipped)

HD Radio delivers subscription free local broadcasting in a digital format which may include song title, artist name, album art, weather, traffic data, etc., on AM/FM bands. Up to four stations could be available on a single frequency for e.g. if radio station is 96.9 FM, the HD enabled radio would have additional broadcasts on 96.9 HD1, HD2, HD3 and HD4. The digital technology allows for clear reception quality and additional information.

Auto Volume Control (If equipped)

With auto volume control, the audio system will adjust automatically to make up for road and wind noise as you drive, by increasing the volume as vehicle speed increases. To use auto volume control, set the volume at the desired level, and then select either Off, Low, Medium-low, Medium, Medium-high or High.

Microphones

This system utilizes two hands free audio microphones, the primary microphone on the driver side and a secondary/reference microphone for the front passenger side. The primary microphone is connected directly to the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module. It is also connected by an analog pass-through circuit to the radio from the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module. The secondary microphone is connected directly to the radio.

The primary microphone is used for emergency and OnStar calls. During normal operating conditions it also provides Bluetooth calls and speech recognition to the radio. The secondary microphone is used as a reference for the primary microphone for passenger interference cancellation during speech recognition and also to enhance the driver side hands free calls. For MY18 and beyond the secondary microphone can also be used for front passenger hands free phone calls.

The front passenger secondary microphone can never be used for an OnStar call. An OnStar call requires the microphone to be directly connected to the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module. During an OnStar call the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module receives an audio signal from the primary microphone and sends the signal to the radio via the Ethernet connection.

The radio processes the OnStar call audio and sends it back to the Telematics Communication Interface Control Module via the Ethernet connection.

Bluetooth  (If equipped)

Bluetooth  wireless technology is a short-range communications technology intended to replace the cables connecting portable and/or fixed devices while maintaining high levels of security. The operating range of the signal is approximately 30 feet.

The available features and functions are determined by the type of device and the software within the devices being used. For a feature or function to operate, it must be supported in both devices.

The first connection between devices is established through a process called pairing. In order to pair two devices, a password (passkey) has to be exchanged between the two devices. One device will generate the password, the other device accepts the password to complete the process. Once the devices are paired, future connections between the devices will occur automatically when the devices are on and within range of each other.

The Bluetooth  hardware is internal to the Remote Radio Receiver and is combined with WiFi antenna. The Remote Radio Receiver supports streaming of data (music, voice, information) from cellular phones and other mobile devices that support those features. The Remote Radio Receiver is also capable of interfacing with cellular phones for hands-free features.

• The device must be paired to the system to use the available Bluetooth  feature(s). The pairing process must only be performed once for each device, unless that device's information is deleted.
• Up to five devices can be paired, but only one can be connected at any given time.
• Streaming Audio allows playing music from the mobile device wirelessly. Music stored on the mobile device can be viewed and controlled from the display.
• To stream audio from a mobile device, the device must be unlocked, and any additional applications should be closed.

Refer to the owners manual, supplements, and the device manufacturers information for pairing instructions.

WiFi

The WiFI hardware is internal to the Remote Radio Receiver and is combined with Bluetooth antenna.

WiFi expands the abilities of the vehicle as described below:

• Connect to home WiFi to update software
• When used with OnStar 4G LTE HotSpot service, it provides internet access to devices in the vehicle when connected to the HotSpot
• Enables in-vehicle networking between passengers' devices, like home WiFi network
• Allows remote access to external connected device application data for vehicle internet application use
• MY19>Enables Apple CarPlay and Android Auto without the use of a USB cable

Back Office Registration

The Radio must be registered with the GM Back Office in order to receive downloaded information such as approved applications, module software updates, weather and traffic information for current location.

The vehicle must have a Cellular or WiFi connection to complete the initial registration process. This process will verify the assembly plant factory feed data from the BCM, CGM and Radio serial numbers to the VIN and if the security checks are met, then the user must complete the registration process by entering email and required personal information. The registration status can be verified through the Radio "Setting - About selection.

When any of these secured ECU's are replaced, a new serial number will be recorded during the service calibration process and appended to the vehicles history data for uninterrupted back office connection.

If the Radio is replaced, the user can recover settings/applications by reregistering the email account.

During the initial registration process the user will enter an email/password. The user will then be sent a follow up verification email link to setup the account completely. If the complete account setup is not performed the password reset security questions will not be entered, which will prevent reregistering this email account in the future if the password is forgotten.

Applications (If equipped)

When the system is equipped with Bluetooth  or WiFI, the system is capable of using applications, commonly referred to as apps.

The term application refers to any piece of software that works on a system (hardware) that is being operated by it's own software. Applications are typically small software programs which uses the hardware to perform a specific task, as opposed to operating the entire system.

• For an application to be used, it must be installed on both the vehicle infotainment system and a compatible mobile device.
• The device must be connected to the system. this may be done wirelessly via Bluetooth Â, WiFi, or via the vehicle USB port. Refer to the device manufacturers information for the proper connection method.
• When the device is connected, the vehicle infotainment system is used to remotely access and control the application on the mobile device.
• The application must work correctly on the device to work with the vehicle infotainment system.
• The user may be required to log-in to the application on the mobile device before using the application from the vehicle controls.
• Using applications will use the device's data plan.
• The device must be unlocked, and any additional applications should be closed.

Refer to the owners manual and supplements for information on mobile devices, control, and operation.

Speech Recognition

The Speech Recognition feature is implemented only in a Mid/High System Radio- CSM module. There is no Speech Recognition in a Low System. Speech Recognition allows the user to command various features of the radio via voice commands. For addition information refer to the owners manual.

Navigation System Components and Features (if equipped)

The radio receiver provides full navigation functionality, if equipped. The Radio provides the following:

• Connection to the global positioning system (GPS) antenna, which provides the vehicle position information.
• Map data for navigation and map route guidance, stored on the SD card memory.
• Route guidance with verbal prompts to the operator.
• Traffic and weather information for display on the navigation system map (with active subscription, where available).
• Periodic Map updates can be performed by inserting an updated SD card, or over the air network in future model years MY18>

The On-board navigation feature uses an on-board navigation engine with an optimized map display that is calculated and rendered locally.

Route Guidance

The map will display the route to the selected destination. Voice prompts alert the operator of upcoming events (turns) and arrivals at the destination. The navigation system will automatically recalculate if the route is not followed. The remote radio receiver uses data received from the global positioning system (GPS) satellites, the vehicle speed signal, and serial data information to accurately display the current position of the vehicle.

Points of Interest

The map database provides point of interest information. Points of interests are locations that are frequently visited. Points of interest can be can be displayed on the map or set as a destination. The following are some of the available Points of interests:

• Gas Station
• Restaurant
• College
• Police Station

Valet Mode

Valet Mode is a customer enabled feature of the infotainment system, found in the settings menu, if equipped. The customer creates and inputs a four digit code using the infotainment controls. Confirming the code and selecting LOCK will lock the infotainment system, steering wheel controls and other vehicle features, dependent on vehicle equipment. The vehicle will remain in valet mode until the same four digit code is reentered.

In the event that the four digit code is forgotten, it can be sent via Bluetooth to the currently paired phone or the scan tool can be used to clear the Valet Mode Code.

Teen Driver

The teen driver feature puts the vehicle into a mode that can only be unlocked with a valid PIN. It allows various restrictive features for safer driving. Some of the features include Speed Limiter, Speed Warning, Register Key, Report Card, etc. For additional information refer to owners manual.

Theft Deterrent

The radio theft deterrent system is intended to disable or limit radio functionality if incorrect vehicle information is received by the radio. The radio disables functionality if the VIN information received by the radio does not match the VIN information that has been learned by the radio. The radio receives this information via serial data. A possible cause of incorrect VIN info could be the radio was originally installed in another vehicle.

The radio has the following theft operating modes as part of the theft deterrent system:

• Normal Mode: The radio has learned a correct VIN sequence and the VIN information received via serial data matches the learned VIN sequence. In this mode the radio has full functionality.
• No VIN Mode: The radio has not received or learned a correct VIN sequence. In this mode the radio has limited functionality.
• Theft Detected Mode: The radio has learned a correct VIN sequence and the VIN information received via serial data does NOT match the learned VIN sequence. In this mode the radio may be disabled or have limited functionality. The radio display will indicate that theft protection is active.

Audio Amplifier (If equipped)

Amplifier Interface

A fused battery voltage circuit provides the main amplifier power. The audio amplifier (when equipped) is a participant on the Ethernet bus. The audio amplifier receives audio signals and control information from the Radio. The Amplifier receives battery power and ground from the vehicle harness, and also communicates on GMLAN.

Amplifier Operation

The purpose of the amplifier is to increase the power of a voltage or current signal. The output signal of an amplifier may consist of the same frequencies as the input signal or it may consist of only a portion of the frequencies as in the case of a subwoofer or midrange speaker. The audio amplifier amplifies the signal and sends it to the appropriate speakers.

Each of the audio output channel circuits (+) and (-), at the audio amplifier have a DC bias voltage that is approximately one half of the battery voltage. When using a DMM, each of the audio output channel circuits will measure approximately 6.5V DC. The audio being played on the system is produced by a varying AC voltage that is centered around the DC bias voltage on the same circuit. The AC voltage is what causes the speaker cone to move and produce sound. Both the DC bias voltage and the AC voltage signals are needed for the audio system to properly produce sound.

The audio amplifier is also responsible for operation of active noise cancellation if equipped. Refer to Active Noise Cancellation Description and Operation for more information.

Infotainment Controls and Display

The infotainment display and controls are a separate component from the radio, combined into an assembly. The assembly contains the control knobs and buttons for all audio and HVAC functions and the information display. The assembly is supplied battery voltage and ground from the vehicle harness.

Control information, touch communications and dimming level for the display are communicated via a LIN serial data circuit to the Radio.

The remote radio receiver sends the display digital video data for on-screen display through a dedicated video cable.

The information display provides a feedback on the touch screen and certain controls.

The controls communicate via a LIN serial data circuit with the remote radio receiver. Messages communicated include the following:

• Wake-up/power state messages
• Diagnostic information
• Button presses/knob rotations
• Commands for the state of indicators
• Back-lighting dimming level

HVAC data for controls and status indicators is communicated between the HVAC controls and the HVAC control module with a separate LIN serial data circuit. HVAC status screen information from the HVAC control module is transmitted to the radio on the GMLAN serial data circuit.

Steering Wheel Controls (If equipped)

Some audio functions are available using the steering wheel controls. The steering wheel controls duplicate the function of the primary controls available on the radio.

For additional information on steering wheel controls, refer to Steering Wheel Controls Description and Operation.

USB Port, SD Card Reader and Auxiliary port (If equipped)

The infotainment system may contain an assembly that has either a USB port, Auxiliary port, and may even have an SD card reader located within the drivers reach. The assembly interfaces with a hub device, internal to the auxiliary jack, USB, and memory card receptacle assembly. The auxiliary jack, USB, and memory card receptacle assembly receives fused battery voltage and ground from the harness to power the internal hub device as well as providing additional amperage to power USB devices.

The internal hub device interfaces directly with the remote radio receiver via a standard USB cable. A Mini type USB connector is used to connect the cable at the USB port and at the remote radio receiver and at the auxiliary jack, USB, and memory card receptacle. Standard USB male to female connections are typically used for connecting USB cables together where an in-line connection is required. An inline cable connection is typically found between the console and I/P harness.

USB Port

The USB port allows connectivity to the infotainment system from portable media players or a USB storage device (memory stick/ flash drive). When a device is connected to the USB port, the device can be controlled from the radio controls.

Not all portable media player devices or file types are compatible. Connection to USB HUB devices is not supported.

Refer to the owner's manual for information on USB devices, control, and operation.

SD Card Reader

On Navigation vehicles the SD card will contain the Map information for the vehicle region. The Map data will be updated quarterly either by replacing the SD card or wireless updates via WiFi on MY18> vehicles Refer to the owners manual for information on the Navigation system.

Auxiliary Audio Input Jack

The infotainment system may have a 3.5mm (1/8 in.) auxiliary audio input jack located in the center console. The auxiliary audio input jack interfaces directly with the radio. When a portable audio playback device is connected to the auxiliary jack, an internal switch detects the connection and the radio will switch to AUX as the audio source. Audio signals from the device are sent to the radio from the auxiliary jack via USB.

• When a device is first connected to the 3.5mm (1/8 in.) input jack the infotainment system automatically switches to that device. If an auxiliary device has already been connected, press the AUX or CD/AUX button to select the device.
• Playback of an audio device that is connected to the 3.5mm jack can only be controlled using the controls on the device.
• The volume control on the device may need to be adjusted eo ensure sufficient playback volume through the infotainment system.

OnStar  (If equipped)

When OnStar is activated, a serial data message is sent to the radio that activates default audio settings.

The fade will be set to the front, Bass and Treble are set to the mid range, the outputs are mono, when the audio source is OnStar. OnStar takes priority over any other audio source.

For additional OnStar information, refer to OnStar Description and Operation.

Compass Data

With the Base Radio the Telematics Control module provides compass and GPS position information on the LS-GMLAN / Info-CAN bus when it is present.

In a Mid / High Radio System configuration without a Telematics Control Module and equipped with GPS, the radio shall provide the GPS and heading information on LS-GMLAN / Info-CAN as shown below.

An external Remote Compass Module (RCM) is required to transmit the heading and position information on LS-GMLAN / Info-CAN if either:

• The Base Radio is present in a system configuration with no Telematics control module.
• The radio variant without GPS is present in a system configuration with no Telematics control module.

Media Disc Player

The Remote Media Player feature sends information through a USB connection to the Rear Seat Infotainment and outputs digital audio/video to vehicle displays and to the Radio over the Ethernet bus.

The Rear Seat Infotainment system also has a USB hub with an auxiliary port for digital media file access.

The media disc player receives battery power and ground from the vehicle harness, and also communicates on GMLAN.

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